在英语中,基数词和序数词是表示数目的两种不同形式的词汇,基数词用来表示数量或顺序,而序数词则用来表示顺序的位置,从1到25的数字,其基数词和序数词如下:
- 1 (one) - 1st (first)
- 2 (two) - 2nd (second)
- 3 (three) - 3rd (third)
- 4 (four) - 4th (fourth)
- 5 (five) - 5th (fifth)
- 6 (six) - 6th (sixth)
- 7 (seven) - 7th (seventh)
- 8 (eight) - 8th (eighth)
- 9 (nine) - 9th (ninth)
- 10 (ten) - 10th (tenth)
- 11 (eleven) - 11th (eleventh)
- 12 (twelve) - 12th (twelfth)
- 13 (thirteen) - 13th (thirteenth)
- 14 (fourteen) - 14th (fourteenth)
- 15 (fifteen) - 15th (fifteenth)
- 16 (sixteen) - 16th (sixteenth)
- 17 (seventeen) - 17th (seventeenth)
- 18 (eighteen) - 18th (eighteenth)
- 19 (nineteen) - 19th (nineteenth)
- 20 (twenty) - 20th (twentieth)
- 21 (twenty-one) - 21st (twenty-first)
- 22 (twenty-two) - 22nd (twenty-second)
- 23 (twenty-three) - 23rd (twenty-third)
- 24 (twenty-four) - 24th (twenty-fourth)
- 25 (twenty-five) - 25th (twenty-fifth)
理解这些数字的基数形式与序数形式对于学习英语是非常重要的,基数词通常用于计数、表示数量或者描述事物时,“I have three apples”(我有3个苹果),而序数词则常用于表示顺序或排名,“He is the fifth in his class”(他在班上排名第五)。
当使用序数词时,通常会在数字后面加上"th",但有些数字有特殊的变体。“one”变成“first”,“two”变成“second”,three”变为“third”,“four”变为“fourth”,这种变化是由于英语发音规则所致,特别是当数字以“y”结尾时,“y”要变为“ie”,并且添加“th”。
值得注意的是,虽然大多数情况下序数词会在数字后加“th”,但也有一些例外情况,twenty”(二十)和“forty”(四十),它们的序数形式分别是“twenty-first”(第二十一)和“forty-first”(第四十一),这是因为在这两个单词中,元音字母“e”使得“y”不发音,因此不需要变音。
掌握基数词和序数词的区别及其正确使用对于提高英语水平至关重要,通过练习和应用这些知识,你可以更自信地表达数量和顺序的概念。